The rich scenery of Rappahannock County provides a matchless setting for this early homestead. A farm has existed here since the 18th century. The present Caledonia Farm house was erected in 1812, following the 1805 purchase of the property by John Dearing, an officer in the Fauquier County militia during the Revolution. The symmetrical Federal-style  dwelling has an indigenous quality with its walls constructed of native fieldstone. Dearing and his family maintained a gentry lifestyle here, owning more than twenty slaves and nine horses. Typical of upper-class farmhouses, the house on Caledonia Farm was served by an outdoor kitchen, which, though now connected to the main house by a sheltered passageway, is the only remaining early outbuilding. The house stood derelict for some fifteen years and was restored in 1963-64. Interior modifications were made but much original woodwork, including Federal mantels, remained.