Located in the rural Meadows of Dan community of Carroll County, in the Blue Ridge Mountains of southwestern Virginia, the Little Valley School is a two-classroom frame schoolhouse built in 1929 according to plans borrowed from Samuel Smith’s Community School Plans, published in 1924 by the Julius Rosenwald Fund. Opened in 1930, the building served as a public school for White students from local farming families, housing first through sixth grades throughout the Great Depression and post-World War II periods until its closure in 1953. A truncated version of Rosenwald Plan No. 400 for a four-teacher school, Little Valley School possesses the rare – though not unheard-of – distinction of being a White school built during the era of segregation using Rosenwald plans. The school is locally significant for its excellent state of preservation, its representation of small, rural schools of the early-to-mid-20th century, and its embodiment of distinctive characteristics of school architecture of the period. Like many others, it was built by the county school board on privately donated land with local volunteer labor. Little Valley School is also significant for its close association with John R. Duncan, a local native who served for 54 years as an educator and became a locally renowned figure in the history of early education in Carroll County and the surrounding region.