This compact but sophisticated public building is an important component of Virginia’s well-known collection of Classical Revival courthouses. With its main floor set on a high basement, the porticoed Campbell County Courthouse in the village of Rustburg employs the format also employed for the Pittsylvania, Patrick, and the demolished Bedford County courthouses. It was completed in 1849 by John Wills. The courtroom, with its elaborate plasterwork and woodwork, is among Virginia’s least-altered courtrooms of the period. Especially interesting is the aedicule above the judge’s bench framing the Masonic symbol of the all-seeing eye, a unique use of this motif in a Virginia courthouse. The decorative frame is plaster, but the eye itself is realistically executed in glass. Court functions were transferred to a modern building in the early 1990s and the old courthouse was transformed into the Historic Courthouse Museum, managed by the Campbell County Historic Society.