Some of the earliest Native America occupation of Virginia occurred during the Paleo-Indian period, at least ca. 9500 B.C. to 8000 B.C. Clearly identifiable sites relating to this time are extremely rare because of the low population density in those remote times. Also, sites of such antiquity are very subtle and apt to have been disturbed over the centuries. The Conover Archaeological Site in Dinwiddie County is one of Virginia’s few currently recognizable locations yielding diverse Paleo-Indian artifacts, including lithic tool types and manufactured by-products. The presence of maintenance and processing tools in various stages of reduction, along with stone flakes, has led to the conclusion that the site was used as a quarry-related base camp or maintenance station. A significant number of artifacts from the Conover Archaeological Site (also known as the Gooseneck Field Site) are in the archaeological collections of the Virginia Department of Historic Resources.